Can pheochromocytoma cause UTI?

To the best of our knowledge, there have been no previous cases reported in the current literature in which a patient presents with recurrent urinary tract infections in association with pheochromocytoma.

How is pheochromocytoma detected in urine?

Because catecholamine relase varies throughout the day, the best method of diagnosing pheochromocytomas is using a 24-hour urine collection. This involves obtaining a special urine container, which has a small amount of preservative, from a medical laboratory and filling it with one entire day’s worth of urine.

What is the most specific test for diagnosis of pheochromocytoma?

Several studies have found urine metanephrines to be the most sensitive test in pheochromocytoma diagnosis. Measurement of VMA in urine is generally believed to have lower sensitivity.

What are the differential diagnosis for pheochromocytoma?

Pheochromocytoma must be differentiated from other causes of paroxysmal hypertension including severe paroxysmal hypertension (pseudopheochromocytoma), panic disorder, factitious hypertension, carcinoid syndrome, migraine headache, hyperthyroidism, renovascular hypertension, hypoglycemia, labile hypertension (White …

What is catecholamines urine test for?

The test is primarily used to diagnose pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma, and to monitor the effectiveness of their treatments. Urine catecholamine levels are elevated in the majority of neuroblastoma cases. Catecholamines are small, chemically similar molecules derived from the amino acid tyrosine.

How accurate is a 24 hour urine test for pheochromocytoma?

The positive and negative predictive values for 24-h urine total metanephrines in the diagnosis of sporadic pheochromocytoma were 88.0% (95% CI, 83.1–93.0%) and 98.8% (95% CI, 97.8–99.4%), respectively (Table 1).

What is VMA urine test?

Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and other catecholamine metabolites such as homovanillic acid (HVA) measurement in urine are used for screening children for catecholamine-secreting tumors such as neuroblastoma and other neural crest tumors and monitoring those who have had treatment for these tumors.

What can mimic a pheochromocytoma?

Various tumors including neuroblastomas, ganglioneuroblastomas and ganglioneuromas may mimic pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas. Symptoms associated with pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma, such as high blood pressure, may be induced by the use of certain medications.

What is hypertension differential diagnosis?

Differential Diagnosis Hyperaldosteronism, coarctation of the aorta, renal artery stenosis, chronic kidney disease, and aortic valve disease should always be kept in the differential.

What causes high catecholamines in urine?

Certain foods can increase urinary catecholamines, including coffee, tea, bananas, chocolate, cocoa, citrus fruits, and vanilla. Avoid these for several days prior to the test. Acute stress and vigorous exercise may also affect the test results.

What is catecholamine 24 hr urine?

A urine catecholamines test measures the total amount in your urine over a 24-hour period. That’s because hormone levels can go up and down during the day. You’ll pee into a special container every time you use the bathroom for 24 hours.

When should you suspect pheochromocytoma?

The most leading catecholamine-related sign for clinicians to suspect pheochromocytoma is hypertension. Related to hypertension, four patterns of blood pressure are seen. Sustained hypertension, paroxysmal hypertension, sustained hypertension with paroxysms, and normotension.

What are the diagnostic tests for pheochromocytoma?

Diagnostic tests for pheochromocytoma include the following: Plasma metanephrine testing: 96% sensitivity, 85% specificity 24-hour urinary collection for catecholamines and metanephrines: 87.5% sensitivity, 99.7% specificity

What is a pheochromocytoma?

A pheochromocytoma is a rare, catecholamine-secreting tumor derived from chromaffin cells. The term pheochromocytoma (in Greek, phios means dusky, chroma means color, and cytoma means tumor) refers to the color the tumor cells acquire when stained with chromium salts.

What is the prognosis of pheochromocytoma during pregnancy?

Pheochromocytoma during pregnancy is extremely rare (0.002% of all pregnancies), but undiagnosed pheochromocytoma that occurs during pregnancy carries a grave prognosis, with maternal and fetal mortality rates of 48% and 55%, respectively.

What is the prevalence of pheochromocytoma in the US?

Pheochromocytomas are rare, reportedly occurring in 0.05–0.2% of hypertensive individuals. This accounts for only a portion of cases, however, as patients may be completely asymptomatic. A retrospective study from the Mayo Clinic revealed that in 50% of cases of pheochromocytoma, the diagnosis was made at autopsy.